DK全球视觉The Science Of The Ocean海洋科学探秘 悠悠乐英语资源

foreword
前言
We manifest an intrinsic fascination with those things on the brink of our knowledge. There’s a romance, a yearning, seemingly a need to wonder about things beyond our reach. Deep space, other planets, aliens … but, as is often cited, we may actually know more about these phenomena than about the inhabitants of our own oceans because 80 per cent of them are unmapped, unobserved, and unexplored for the so very simple reason that this environment is beyond your reach and mine.
我们对知识边缘的事物表现出一种内在的迷恋。这是一种浪漫，一种渴望，似乎需要对我们力所能及的事情感到好奇。深空、其他行星、外星人……但是，正如人们经常提到的那样，我们实际上对这些现象的了解可能比对我们海洋居民的了解更多，因为80%的海洋都没有地图，没有被观测到，也没有被探索过，原因非常简单，这种环境是你我都无法触及的。
We are terrestrial, air- breathing mammals, and while some humans swim well, free dive, or use increasingly sophisticated scuba kit or robots to explore the oceanic unknown, the rest of us “land lubbers” just watch the waves.
我们是陆地上的呼吸空气的哺乳动物，当一些人游得很好，自由潜水，或者使用越来越复杂的潜水装备或机器人探索未知的海洋时，我们其余的“陆上滑翔者”只是观察海浪。
Beneath those waves is another world, one that, thanks to science and technology, we are learning a lot more about, a lot more quickly. And, as this fabulous book shows, it is almost incomprehensibly beautiful and fantastic.
在这些浪潮之下是另一个世界，多亏了科学技术，我们对这个世界了解得更多，速度更快。而且，正如这本神话般的书所显示的，它几乎是不可思议的美丽和神奇。
From the smallest to the largest, the shallows to the deep, the fierce to the fearful, these organisms share our planet but live in a different dimension. How exciting! So here is an opportunity to meet the neighbours, the “wet ones,” the extraordinary diversity of miraculous life that has evolved in the oceans. And yet, remote as it can seem, the cultural aspects of our relationship with the sea reveal how we have always had a close connection to this charismatic, dangerous, and rewarding realm.
从最小到最大，从浅滩到深海，从凶猛到可怕，这些生物共享我们的星球，但生活在不同的维度。多么令人兴奋！因此，这里是一个与邻居见面的机会，“湿的人”，即海洋中进化出的神奇生物的非凡多样性。然而，尽管看似遥远，但我们与海洋关系的文化层面揭示了我们如何始终与这一魅力、危险和回报的领域保持着密切的联系。
But the tides have turned. Now we are the greater danger, and no drop of our seas is secure. Coral reefs are bleached. Plastic litters the greatest depths and fills the bellies of turtles and whales and chokes albatross chicks.
但潮流已经逆转。现在我们是更大的危险，我们的海洋没有一滴水是安全的。珊瑚礁被漂白了。塑料垃圾堆积在最深处，填满了海龟和鲸鱼的腹部，并使信天翁幼鸟窒息。
The acidification of the water, pollution, and overfishing threaten the entire ocean ecosystem.
海水酸化、污染和过度捕捞威胁着整个海洋生态系统。
There has never been a more important time to immerse ourselves in the wonder of the briny world and thus learn to love and protect it. Dive in, swim among stranger things, and then stand up for our oceans.
没有比这更重要的时刻能让我们沉浸在海水世界的奇迹中，从而学会爱和保护它。潜入水中，在陌生的事物中游泳，然后站起来保卫我们的海洋。

the marine world
海洋世界

Almost as old as Earth itself,
几乎和地球一样古老，
oceans dominate the planet’s surface. Life first evolved in the oceans, and today they are home to a vast diversity of species. By transporting huge amounts of energy, the oceans also help to power and modify Earth’s climates.
海洋主宰着地球表面。生命最初是在海洋中进化而来的，而今天，海洋是各种物种的家园。通过输送大量的能量，海洋也有助于发电和改变地球的气候。

what are oceans?
什么是海洋？
Earth is a watery world, with 68 per cent of the surface covered by saltwater oceans. Each of the five major ocean basins (the Arctic, Atlantic, Indian, Pacific, and Southern) is a deep depression in Earth’s surface. Connected to the oceans, and typically partly enclosed by land, are numerous smaller seas such as the Mediterranean and Bering seas. Oceans are partially separated by landmasses but are all interconnected.
地球是一个多水的世界，68%的表面被咸水海洋覆盖。五大海洋盆地（北极、大西洋、印度、太平洋和南部）中的每一个都是地球表面的深度凹陷。地中海和白令海等众多较小的海洋与海洋相连，通常部分被陆地包围。海洋部分被陆地隔开，但全部相互连接。

ocean history
海洋史
The familiar layout of Earth’s continents and oceans is very different from the way it was in the prehistoric past. Today’s oceans and their seas arose gradually as early landmasses split up and moved apart. Scientific evidence suggests that the original ocean formed from water vapour that escaped from the molten surface of the planet. Around 3.8 billion years ago, conditions cooled and this vapour started to condense and fall as rain.
熟悉的地球大陆和海洋布局与史前时期大不相同。随着早期陆地的分裂和分离，今天的海洋及其海洋逐渐形成。科学证据表明，原始海洋是由从地球熔融表面逸出的水蒸气形成的。大约38亿年前，气候变冷，这些蒸汽开始凝结并以雨的形式降落。

ocean climates
海洋气候
The world’s oceans and their climates are inextricably linked through a complex web of interactions. The oceans absorb and store heat from the Sun, especially at the equator. From here, wind-driven surface ocean currents circulate water around each of the main ocean basins. In turn, the Sun’s heat and Earth’s rotation set the pattern of prevailing winds. Rainfall is highest in tropical areas, because the oceans are warmest here and so evaporation is high. The oceans slowly release heat, which is why the oceanic climate found around continental coastlines is less extreme than the climate far inland.
世界海洋及其气候通过一个复杂的相互作用网络紧密相连。海洋吸收和储存来自太阳的热量，特别是在赤道。从这里开始，风力驱动的表面洋流使水在每个主要海盆周围循环。反过来，太阳的热量和地球的自转决定了盛行风的模式。热带地区的降雨量最高，因为这里的海洋最温暖，所以蒸发量很高。海洋缓慢地释放热量，这就是为什么大陆海岸线周围的海洋气候不如内陆气候极端的原因。

本资源包含内容：【DK   The Science Of The Ocean】高清pdf

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