DK woodworking the complete step-by-step manual tools techniques woods projects

Introduction
介绍
Wood has been fundamental to the development and survival of humankind throughout history.
纵观历史，木材一直是人类发展和生存的基础。
Trees have provided us with the essentials for living—oxygen, food, warmth, medicine, and shelter—as well as offering the raw ingredients for key markers of cultural progress,
树木为我们提供了赖以生存的氧气、食物、温暖、药品和住所，也为文化进步的关键标志提供了原料，
such as paper, furniture, musical instruments, and works of art. Even today, in a world of sophisticated technology and materials, we still use wood for much of our work on buildings and furniture, because of its versatility, beauty, practicality, and availability.
例如纸张、家具、乐器和艺术品。即使在今天，在一个技术和材料复杂的世界里，由于木材的多功能性、美观性、实用性和可用性，我们仍然在建筑和家具上使用木材。Because of this long tradition, wooden furniture has a rich and diverse heritage of styles, while examples that are centuries old can be found all around us, everywhere from auctions and antiques shops to museums and galleries.
由于这一悠久的传统，木制家具有着丰富多样的风格遗产，而在我们周围，从拍卖会、古董店到博物馆和画廊，都可以找到数百年历史的例子。
This range of styles and sense of tradition and craftsmanship offer the modern woodworker an inspirational archive to draw upon, whether designing or constructing their own pieces.
这一系列的风格、传统感和工艺感为现代木工提供了一个鼓舞人心的档案，无论是设计还是建造自己的作品。 Creating furniture by hand is a skill that has to an extent been supplanted by the development of power tools and machinery, yet the importance of using hand tools cannot be underestimated.
手工制作家具在某种程度上已被电动工具和机械的发展所取代，但使用手工工具的重要性不容低估。
Tools may have advanced in sophistication throughout history, but the fundamentals of woodworking have not changed significantly over the centuries, and this age-old craft is still the cornerstone of all furniture making. Of course, it is possible to make furniture entirely by machine, but this requires a large workshop and a very large wallet.
纵观历史，工具可能在复杂程度上有所进步，但几个世纪以来，木工的基本原理并未发生重大变化，这种古老的工艺仍然是所有家具制造的基石。当然，完全用机器制造家具是可能的，但这需要一个大车间和一个很大的钱包。
By contrast, hand skills allow you to create furniture within a limited space and with a limited budget, while experiencing the pleasure of working closely with wood to craft an object of your choice.
相比之下，手艺可以让你在有限的空间和有限的预算内制作家具，同时体验与木材紧密合作的乐趣，打造出你选择的物品。 In this second edition, Woodworking continues to celebrate the joys of creating furniture. It provides a core grounding in the fundamental woodworking skills and techniques and the use of both hand and power tools; it shows you how to set up a workshop that is compatible with your budget and space;
在第二版中，木工继续庆祝创造家具的乐趣。它提供了基本木工技能和技术以及手动和电动工具使用的核心基础；它向您展示了如何建立一个与您的预算和空间相适应的研讨会；
it showcases a catalog of the various types of woods available and their individual working properties; and it presents you with achievable, yet challenging, projects. Whether you are a novice or more experienced in the art of carpentry, Woodworking is an essential addition to your bookshelf.
它展示了各种类型的可用木材及其各自的工作特性的目录；它为您提供了可实现但具有挑战性的项目。无论你是新手还是有木工艺术经验的人，木工都是书架上必不可少的一部分。

Introduction
介绍
Much of the pleasure of woodworking comes from the appreciation of the many tools used.
木工的许多乐趣来自于对所使用的许多工具的欣赏。
Handling and using a metal hand plane, for example, should be enjoyable—the way the crisp wood shavings curl up from a workpiece is a pure delight to the woodworking devotee. Equally, a carving gouge should be a joy to work with, and even a hammer or a power drill are beautiful objects in their own right.
例如，处理和使用金属手刨应该是令人愉快的，因为从工件上卷起的脆木屑对木工爱好者来说是一种纯粹的乐趣。同样，雕刻凿应该是一种乐趣，即使是锤子或电钻本身也是美丽的物品。
That said, tools are enjoyable (and safe) to use only if they are well balanced and are kept clean and sharp. It is also important to always use the correct tool for the task at hand.
也就是说，工具只有在平衡良好、保持干净和锋利的情况下才是令人愉快（且安全）的。对于手头的任务，始终使用正确的工具也很重要。

Saws Saws are an essential part of every woodworker’s tool kit. Saw blades have serrated edges called “teeth,” which are bent at an angle and set to alternate sides. When cutting through wood, the teeth create a slot, or “kerf,” that is wider than the blade. This helps the blade move freely through the wood without getting stuck. There are many different types of saws—such as panel saws (opposite), back saws (p.16), and coping saws (p.17)—each designed for specific woodworking tasks. Coping saws, for example, are used for cutting curves. Western (or European) saws cut on the “push” stroke, whereas Japanese saws (p.17) cut on the “pull” stroke.