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Once Upon a Word: A Word-Origin Dictionary for Kids―Building Vocabulary Through Etymology, Definitions & Stories by Jess Zafarris从前的一个词儿童词源词典通过词源、定义和故事建立词汇

Once Upon a Word: A Word-Origin Dictionary for Kids About the Author
关于作者
An award-winning innovator of digital and print
一位屡获殊荣的数字和印刷技术创新者
content and marketing solutions, and a prolific
内容和营销解决方案，以及丰富的
online and print journalist, Jess Zafarris has been
在线和印刷记者，杰西·扎法里斯
writing about etymology for more than ten years,
写了十多年的词源学，
at UselessEtymology.com and on Twitter
在UselessEtymology.com和Twitter上
@UselessEty. Her professional roles have
@无用的。她的职业角色
included working as executive director of
包括担任

Building Vocabulary Through Etymology, Definitions & Stories by Jess Zafarris
marketing and communications for Gotham Ghostwriters, digital content
高谭鬼魂作家的营销和传播，数字内容
director and content strategist for Writer’s Digest and ScriptMag, editor-inchief of HOW Design magazine, and online content director of HOW and
编剧文摘和ScriptMag的导演和内容策略师《HOW Design》杂志社长，以及《HOW and》在线内容总监
PRINT magazines. Her articles and features have appeared in publications
印刷杂志。她的文章和特写发表在出版物上
including Writer’s Digest, The Hot Sheet, the Denver Business Journal,
包括作家文摘，热门报纸，丹佛商业杂志，
ABC News, and the Memphis Commercial Appeal. She has done freelance
ABC新闻和孟菲斯商业上诉。她做过自由职业者
content development and audience engagement consulting for several major
内容开发和观众参与咨询的几个主要领域
brands. She has an MA in journalism and mass communications and a BA
品牌。她拥有新闻和大众传播学硕士学位和文学学士学位
in English literature
在英国文学中

TO NANETTE, WHO TAUGHT ME
给纳内特，谁教我的
THAT LANGUAGE IS A JOURNEY,
语言是一种旅程，
THAT IT’S IMPOSSIBLE TO BE
这是不可能的
BORED WITH A GOOD
厌倦了一个好的
IMAGINATION, AND THAT THE
想象力
HEART SEES BETTER THAN THE
心胜于心
EYES.
眼睛。

THAT LANGUAGE IS A JOURNEY,

Contents
目录
THAT LANGUAGE IS A JOURNEY?
词语从何而来？
What Is Etymology?
什么是词源学？
PART I: WORD JUNGLE
第一部分：世界丛林
ALL WORDS TELL A STORY
所有的话都能说明一个故事
ROOTS & BRANCHES
根与枝
Latin-Based Roots
拉丁文词根
Greek-Based Roots
以希腊语为基础的词根
Prefixes
前缀
Suffixes
后缀
FROM ROOTS TO TREES
从根到树
Understanding Etymology
理解词源
PART II: ETYMOLOGY—FROM
第二部分：词源
AARDVARK TO ZOOLOGY
土豚到动物学
A → Z
A→ Z

ALL WORDS TELL A STORY

PART III: WORD PLAY
第三部分：文字游戏
A BELLY FULL OF WORDS
满腹的话
NOW THAT’S AN EARFUL!
现在这是一个满嘴脏话！
REFERENCES
参考文献
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
致谢
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
关于作者

Where Do Words Come From?
词语从何而来？
Once upon a time, a word was born.
从前，一个词诞生了。
Our story begins more than 1.7 million years ago with the early
我们的故事始于170多万年前
members of our species, Homo sapiens. They had only recently started
我们人类的成员，智人。他们最近才开始
making stone tools when they first began giving names to the things they
当他们第一次开始给他们喜欢的东西命名时，他们就开始制作石器
saw, heard, and did.
看到了，听到了，做了。
From here, humans learned to speak, share stories, and pass those
从这里，人类学会了说话，分享故事，传递这些
stories down. We then came up with symbols to record events, to keep track
把故事写下来。然后我们想出了一些符号来记录事件，以便跟踪
of all we were learning and doing. The invention of language opened up a
在我们学习和做的所有事情中。语言的发明开辟了一条新的道路
new universe of creative expression and imagination. It allowed us to create
创造表达和想象的新世界。它允许我们创造
books, music, and art, to discuss philosophy and make new scientific
书籍，音乐，艺术，讨论哲学，使新的科学
discoveries.
发现。

What IS Etymology
Although there are some animals, like dolphins and elephants, that
尽管有一些动物，像海豚和大象
appear to have a form of “language,” human language remains the most
似乎有一种形式的“语言”，人类的语言仍然是最多的
advanced in the known universe.
在已知的宇宙中是先进的。
Learning about the way our ancestors’ language grew and changed from
了解我们祖先的语言是如何从
simple communication to a world full of different ideas can help us better
与一个充满不同想法的世界进行简单的交流，可以帮助我们更好地生活
understand ourselves and each other.
了解我们自己和彼此。
In this book, we’ll trace words back to their earliest forms, find out
在这本书中，我们将追溯单词的最早形式，找出
where they came from, and explore what turned them into the terms and
他们来自哪里，探索是什么把他们变成了术语和术语
phrases we use today. Through etymology, you’ll discover the stories
我们今天用的短语。通过词源学，你会发现故事
behind our language, but first we’ll answer two important questions.
但首先我们要回答两个重要的问题。

understanding word origins,

What IS Etymology?
什么是词源学？
And what does it have to do with learning new words?
它和学习新单词有什么关系？
Etymology is the study of the way words have changed over time. It looks at where words came from and when they were invented. By understanding word origins, we learn more about how and why the words were first made up. Origins can also tell us more about the places where those words were spoken. Through etymology, we can build our vocabulary and even guess what a word means based on its root. Most importantly, we will learn more about people and cultures from around the world.
词源学是研究单词随时间变化的方式。它着眼于单词的来源和发明时间。通过了解单词的起源，我们可以了解更多关于单词最初是如何和为什么组成的。起源也可以告诉我们更多关于那些话的地方。通过词源学，我们可以建立我们的词汇表，甚至可以根据词根猜出一个词的意思。最重要的是，我们将更多地了解世界各地的人和文化。
Etymologists, or people who study word origins, trace words through history to learn how they came to be. You can think of them as word detectives. They learn about these word histories by reading historical records and documents and comparing the way words have changed over time. Sometimes it can be difficult to figure out exactly what a word’s origin or original meaning was, so etymologists make guesses based on the best evidence they can find.
词源学家，或是研究词源的人，通过追溯历史来了解单词是如何产生的。你可以把他们想象成文字侦探。他们通过阅读历史记录和文献，比较单词随时间变化的方式来了解这些单词的历史。有时很难准确地找出一个词的起源或原意是什么，所以词源学家根据他们能找到的最好的证据进行猜测。
Want in on a little secret? With this book, you can be a word detective too.
想知道一个小秘密吗？有了这本书，你也可以成为文字侦探。